Surface irrigation is water that is applied to the surface of a farm field using gravity. As the most used type of irrigation in the world, surface irrigation is ideal where irrigation water is available in plenty. One of the upsides of surface irrigation is it does not need any technology to work. It needs a careful design where the size of the farm field, slope from the water source, soil type, and gradient of the farm field is put into consideration.
With surface irrigation, the farmer will incur high initial costs, mainly labour costs but the cost of maintaining the system is low.
Advantages of surface irrigation 👉Does not require technical expertise or equipment to construct and run. 👉Can be done by any farmer, including small scale farmers since it does not require much input apart from labour.
Disadvantages of surface irrigation 👉Requires level land and cannot work well on sloped land 👉Works well only with soils with low filtration 👉Once the land is flooded, this method does not allow mechanization using tractors or other mechanical methods of ploughing.
Buhari approves extension of old Naira swap till Feb. 10
President Muhammadu Buhari on Sunday in Daura, Katsina State, approved a 10-day extension of the deadline for the swapping of currency to new notes.
The Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), who confirmed this to newsmen in Daura, Katsina State, revealed that the new deadline is now Feb. 10.
Emefiele, who was in Daura on Sunday morning, had a closed door meeting with Buhari, where he obtained the approval.
He said Nigerians, who were yet to change their Naira notes from the old to new ones, ”now have an opportunity to do so”.
The apex bank’s governor however cautioned that people must utilise the opportunity because the deadline would not be extended again.
@goldmynetv recalls that the CBN had fixed Jan. 31 as the deadline for the legitimacy of the old Naira notes.
The redesigned Naira notes, comprising N200, N500 and N1,000, became legal tender on Dec. 15, 2022, after they were unveiled by Buhari on Nov. 23, 2022, in Abuja.
Reports by correspondents of @goldmynetv across the country on Saturday indicated that traders and business owners were asking their constomers to pay with new notes.
It was also discovered that some of the Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) across states including the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) were still dispensing the old Naira notes, while there were long queues at few ATMs dispensing the redesigned Naira notes.
Some banks dispensing the new notes had configured their ATMs to dispense N5,000 or N10,000 per transaction.
Also, some Point of Sale (PoS) operators were still paying with old Naira notes, while some who had the redesigned Naira notes increased their charges by 100 to 200 per cent.
Ethiopia🇪🇹 is one of the largest producer of honey in Africa and it produces approximately 55,300 tonnes per year, while the country has the potential to produce up to 500,000 tonnes of honey.
Ethiopia is also the fourth largest beeswax producer in the world after China, Turkey and Argentina.
Ethiopia’s honey is known for its desirable qualities such as low moisture content and a variety of natural & delicious flavors.
Ethiopia is also the continent’s leading producer and exporter of beeswax and honey. The country has approximately 7 million bee colonies. Generally beekeeping is an old agricultural practice in Ethiopia. About one million households are involved in honeybee’s business. It is promising off-farm enterprise, which contributes to country’s economy.
The two most important moments that will gather the most people in your life are your birth and your death.
You will start off in life with a lot of people around you (if you come from a healthy home) and as you will get older, many things will start to change.
You will meet all kinds of people that will give you all kinds of different experiences. You will get to a point where your social circle will start to decrease…
At some point, everyone will start getting busy with their own lives, you will find yourself pretty much alone or with the few good people you’ve had by your side all along ( that’s if you’re lucky to have any)
…and you will go through painful times, that will show you who the real people in your life are. You will either have some support by your side or face it alone if no one shows up.
And then the final moment will come, when you die and everyone will suddenly love and care about you. They will even travel miles to come bury you while many of them never cared about you when you were alive.
The Osun Governorship Election Tribunal has sacked Senator Ademola Adeleke as Governor.
In a majority judgment, the tribunal chaired by Justice Tertse Kume cancelled election in 744 polling units due to over-voting.
Former Governor Adegboyega Oyetola challenged the July 16th 2022 governorship by joining All Progressives Congress(APC) to file a petition against the victory of Adeleke.
He alleged over-voting in 749 polling units and certificate forgery by candidate of the Peoples Democratic Party(PDP).
Oyetola and APC who dragged Independent National Electoral Commission(INEC) as the first respondent, Adeleke, second respondent and PDP as the third, called two witnesses.
Counsel to the petitioners, Lateef Fagbemi urged the tribunal to admit the contents of the petition and declare Oyetola as the winner of the election.
INEC called one witness while Adeleke called two witnesses to defend the petition during the hearing.
The counsel to INEC, Professor Paul Ananaba and Adeleke’s counsel, Alex Izion, Onyechi Ikpeazu for PDP all urged the court to discountenance the petition and affirm him as the winner of the election.
Reading the majority judgement by Rabi Bashir and Tertse Kume, Justice Kume, said: “In other words, the defenses of the respondents are taint with fundamental flaws, irreconcilable and unreliable, incapable of defeating the credible evidence tendered by the petitioners in respect of the 744 polling units where over voting has been established.
“The inference we hereby drawn from the factestablished by the evidence and record is that the election conducted on the 16th day of July, 2022 was done in substantial non complaince with the provisions of the Electoral Acts and extant regulations.
“Moreover, exhibit BVR has not been withdrawn by the first respondent who made and issued it. The petitioners relied on exhibit BVR in maintaining this petition.
“Similarly, the exhibit tendered by the respondents after exhibit BVR submitted by learned counsel to the petitioners, were thought of after the declaration of result on the 17th day of July, 2022.
“The said conduct of the respondents, especially, the first respondent amounts to tampering with official records. The conduct of the first respondent in the said election under consideration has produced multiple accusation report, contrary to votes declaration, to conduct of free, fair and credible elections on the basis of one man or woman with one vote.
“Consequently, to forestall a manipulation of BIVAS machines in the conduct of elections in Nigeria by the first respondent, the presiding officers at the polling units and other key officers of the first respondent should act on the vest won by them.
“During the conduct of elections, an electronic device embedded in a safe vest which would have helped you to collect data and information transmitable to a server domiciled either to the headquarters of the Nigerian Police Force, NIGCOMSAT, the National Secretary Adviser, independent of the first respondent.
“The data store at the server in any of the said offices will be a resource material for investigation and possible prosecution of any infraction that may occur in the use of the BIVAS in the polling units during the conduct of elections.
“We find as a fact that the voting occurred in the election conducted on the 16th day of July, 2022 in the manner stated in the table in paragraph 6.19 of the petitioner’s final written address already reproduced in this judgement, the duty of this tribunal is to deduct the said invalid votes from the lawful votes of the first petitioner and the first respondent to determine who have the majority of lawful votes at the said election.
“The table produced on page 30 paragraph 7.01 of the petitioner final written address in response to the first respondent final written address on page 17 paragraph 6.21 on the petitioner’s final address shows a graphic demonstration of the lawful votes after the deduction of the said invalid votes cast.
“For the sake of emphasis, the total lawful vote cast for each of the candidates after the said deduction of invalid votes is 314,931 for the first petitioner and 290,266 votes for the second respondent.
“The second respondent did not score a majority of lawful votes cast for the election. The declaration and return is hereby declared as null and void, the second respondent can not “go low low and buga won” as duly elected governor of Osun state in the election conducted on July 16th 2022, see Kiss Daniel song, Buga.
”Rather, we hereby hold that, the first petitioner scored the majority of lawful votes in the said election and is hereby returned as such.
“The first respondent is hereby directed to withdraw the Certificate of Return issued to the second respondent and give the first petitioner Certificate of Return as the duly elected Governor.”
If you want good things to come in your life, you have to start believing that you are worthy of having and receiving them.
Don’t place anything or anyone on pedestal thinking it’s too good for you. Nobody is superior or inferior than anyone in this life. People who act like they are, are delusional.
Negative self beliefs will have you sabotage the good things that will come to you because you won’t feel deserving of them.
A low self-esteem will have you choose people who aren’t choosing you. Treat yourself miserably. Constantly criticize and bring yourself down. Pretend to be someone you’re not for people to accept you. It will have you constantly seek validation from others and turn you into a people’s pleaser.
Here are some positive affirmations to repeat to yourself everytime you start doubting yourself and your worth:
I am amazing. I am good enough. I am loved and blessed. I am worthy of what I desire. I am strong and brave. I am so proud of myself. I am doing great; there is no reason for me to compare myself to anyone. I am beautiful just the way I am. I deserve the best.
Wanting to help others is a good act of generosity. It shows your humanity.
But when you get to a point where you feel compelled to “rescue” people, often at the expense of your own need; to a point where you neglect yourself to help others, that can become a serious problem.
This is known as the savior complex, or the white knight syndrome and it’s a complex that results from a traumatic childhood experience such as neglect and abuse. Saviors fear abandonment.
It can also be a result of going through cycles of toxic relationships where you feel responsible for wanting to rescue your partner.
If you can relate to this, I just want to remind you that the world isn’t falling apart because of you. In fact, most of the time, we have no real control over anything.
Help people as much as you can, but only if you can. It is not your job to save people or take their problems on your shoulder as your own. You already have your own to deal with.
Don’t put peoples needs before you or destroy yourself trying to save others, especially in relationships. You are not responsible for fixing anyone. Take care of yourself.
Find something in your life right now, to pour your energy into; to help you take your mind off the things weighting you down and making you unhappy.
Sometimes, distracting yourself is the best way to put your mind at ease. Your mind needs a break from overthinking, worrying and stressing.
Distract yourself with something peaceful, healthy and relaxing like spending time in nature, doing an art activity, a new hobby; meeting new people, learning a new skill, doing something different to break free from the routine. It’s all therapeutic.
Whatever you’re going through right now, will pass. Please don’t make a permanent decision for a temporary problem.
Inhale, exhale, it is well, it really is. All of this is a part of the story you will someday tell.
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